Lighting Fixture Installation
Install all lighting fixtures throughout your home. From recessed cans and pendants to sconces, chandeliers, and under-cabinet lighting, proper fixture selection and installation dramatically affects how spaces look and function.
Quick Summary
Typical Cost
$5,000 - $25,000
Time Frame
2-4 days
Difficulty
Licensed Electrician Required
Why Lighting Fixture Installation Matters
Lighting makes or breaks interior design. The same room with poor lighting feels cramped and uncomfortable, while excellent lighting makes it feel spacious, inviting, and functional. Good lighting design layers ambient, task, and accent lighting to create depth and serve different activities throughout the day.
In a whole-home remodel, you have the rare opportunity to optimize lighting throughout the house. During rough-in, you placed junction boxes and ran circuits to support your lighting plan. Now you bring that plan to life with actual fixtures. Changes at this stage require costly drywall repairs, so following your design is critical.
Today's lighting technology offers incredible efficiency and control. LED fixtures use 75% less energy than incandescent, last 25 times longer, and provide better light quality. Smart controls allow dimming, scheduling, and scene setting from your phone. These advances make quality lighting more accessible and affordable than ever.
Step-by-Step Guide
Review Lighting Plan and Inventory Fixtures
Review the lighting plan from your design phase. Confirm all fixtures have arrived and are undamaged. Match each fixture to its designated location. Verify mounting hardware, bulbs, and any assembly components are included.
- Unpack and inspect all fixtures for damage
- Verify fixture specs match electrical rough-in
- Check bulb types and wattages for each fixture
- Organize fixtures by room for efficient installation
- Order any missing components immediately
Verify Electrical Box Placement and Ratings
Before installing fixtures, verify each junction box is properly rated for the fixture weight and type. Heavy chandeliers require ceiling-fan-rated boxes secured to framing. Wall sconces need boxes at correct heights.
- Confirm box weight ratings for heavy fixtures
- Verify recessed can locations match plan
- Check wall sconce box heights (typically 66" center)
- Ensure pendant locations are centered properly
- Test all circuits before starting installation
Install Recessed Lighting
Install recessed can housings or retrofit LED modules. Modern LED retrofits fit into existing housings or install directly. Choose appropriate trim style and color temperature (2700K-3000K for living spaces).
- Install IC-rated housings where insulation contacts
- Choose trim style: baffle, reflector, or gimbal for aiming
- Install LED retrofit modules for energy efficiency
- Set consistent color temperature throughout connected spaces
- Test each light as installed before moving on
Install Pendant Fixtures
Hang pendant lights at appropriate heights based on location. Over islands and tables, pendants hang 30-36 inches above surface. In open areas, hang 7 feet minimum from floor. Adjust cord or rod length before final installation.
- Determine correct hanging height before cutting cords
- Center over islands or tables using plumb bob
- Install canopy plate tight to ceiling
- Verify pendant is level after installation
- Test dimmer compatibility before finalizing
Install Wall Sconces
Mount wall sconces in bathrooms, hallways, staircases, and accent locations. Standard mounting height is 66 inches to center. Bathroom vanity sconces typically mount 64-68 inches high, flanking mirrors at 36-40 inches apart.
- Verify box height matches intended fixture position
- Mount level using bubble level
- Ensure sconces flanking mirrors are equidistant
- Position hallway sconces for even light distribution
- Install ADA-compliant heights where required
Install Chandeliers
Hang chandeliers in dining rooms, entryways, master bedrooms, and other featured spaces. Center over tables or in the middle of rooms. Dining room chandeliers hang 30-36 inches above table. Foyer chandeliers hang minimum 7 feet from floor.
- Verify ceiling box supports fixture weight
- Assemble chandelier before lifting into position
- Have helper support fixture while wiring
- Set proper hanging height for room proportions
- Install all bulbs and test before final adjustment
Install Under-Cabinet Lighting
Mount LED strips or puck lights under upper kitchen cabinets, bathroom vanities, and other task areas. Position toward cabinet front to illuminate countertop without creating shadows. Connect to dedicated switch or dimmer.
- Mount strips toward front of cabinet for best task lighting
- Use LED tape with 2700K-3000K color temperature
- Install lens covers to diffuse individual LED points
- Hide transformers inside cabinets or above
- Connect to dedicated dimmer switch
Install Closet and Utility Lighting
Add lighting to closets, pantries, laundry rooms, and utility spaces. Modern code requires LED or enclosed fixtures in closets within 12 inches of storage. Consider motion-activated or door-jamb switches for convenience.
- Use LED fixtures in closets (code requirement)
- Maintain 12" clearance from storage per code
- Install motion sensors or door-jamb switches
- Provide adequate light for entire closet depth
- Consider LED strip in cabinet interiors for visibility
Install Dimmers and Smart Controls
Install dimmer switches and smart lighting controls as designed. Use LED-compatible dimmers rated for actual fixture loads. Configure smart switches and connect to home automation system. Test full dimming range on all circuits.
- Install LED-compatible dimmers on all dimmable circuits
- Match dimmer minimum load to fixture wattage
- Configure smart switches and connect to WiFi/hub
- Set up scenes and schedules as desired
- Test dimming range for smooth operation
Test All Lighting and Make Adjustments
Test every fixture at full brightness and dimmed. Aim adjustable fixtures to eliminate glare and optimize light distribution. Verify all switches control intended fixtures. Note any fixtures needing adjustment or replacement.
- Test each fixture and switch combination
- Aim gimbal recessed lights away from seating positions
- Verify three-way and four-way switches work properly
- Check for buzzing, flickering, or limited dimming range
- Document any issues for electrician to address
Lighting Types and Applications
Recessed Lighting
Ceiling-mounted cans providing ambient or task lighting.
- Cost: $50-150 per fixture installed
- Best For: General ambient, task, accent
- Spacing: 4-6 feet apart typically
- Sizes: 4", 5", 6" diameter common
- Trims: Baffle, reflector, gimbal, wall wash
Pendant Lighting
Hanging fixtures for task and decorative lighting.
- Cost: $100-1,000+ per fixture
- Best For: Islands, tables, focal points
- Height: 30-36" above surfaces
- Grouping: 2-3 over islands, odd numbers best
- Styles: Mini pendants, drums, globes, linear
Wall Sconces
Wall-mounted fixtures for accent and task lighting.
- Cost: $75-500+ per fixture
- Best For: Bathrooms, hallways, bedside
- Height: 66" center typical
- Spacing: 36-40" apart flanking mirrors
- Types: Uplight, downlight, ambient
Under-Cabinet Lighting
Hidden task lighting for kitchen counters.
- Cost: $200-800 per kitchen installed
- Best For: Kitchen task, bathroom vanity
- Types: LED tape, puck lights, linear bars
- Position: Front of cabinet for task light
- Control: Dimmer recommended
Cost Breakdown (2,500 sq ft Home)
| Fixture Type | Quantity | Fixture Cost | Installation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Recessed LED (6") | 30-40 | $900-2,000 | $1,500-2,500 |
| Kitchen Pendants | 2-3 | $300-1,500 | $200-400 |
| Dining Chandelier | 1 | $300-2,000 | $150-300 |
| Entry Chandelier | 1 | $200-1,500 | $150-300 |
| Bathroom Sconces | 6-8 | $600-2,400 | $400-600 |
| Under-Cabinet LED | Kitchen + Baths | $400-1,000 | $300-500 |
| Closet Lights | 6-8 | $150-400 | $300-500 |
| Exterior Fixtures | 8-12 | $500-2,000 | $400-800 |
| Dimmer Switches | 10-15 | $300-750 | $300-500 |
| Total | 60-80 fixtures | $3,650-13,550 | $3,700-6,400 |
Pro Tips
Layer Your Lighting
Every room needs three types of lighting: ambient (general), task (work areas), and accent (highlights). Relying on one type creates harsh, unflattering spaces. Layer all three on separate switches for maximum flexibility.
Use Consistent Color Temperature
Mix of warm and cool light looks unprofessional and disjointed. Choose 2700K-3000K throughout living spaces for cohesive warm feel. Higher temperatures (3500K-4000K) are fine for task areas but keep them consistent within each space.
Dim Everything Possible
Install dimmers on all dimmable circuits - it costs little extra but provides huge flexibility. Morning coffee requires different light than evening entertaining. Dimmers also extend LED life and save energy.
Don't Cheap Out on Recessed
Quality recessed LED modules (Halo, Juno, WAC) cost $20-40 each versus $8-15 for budget brands. Quality fixtures provide better dimming, consistent color, and 10+ year life. With 30-40 fixtures, this quality difference is visible daily.
Consider CRI Rating
Color Rendering Index (CRI) measures how accurately lights show colors. Look for CRI 90+ for living spaces where color accuracy matters. Lower CRI makes skin tones and food look unhealthy. Worth the small price premium.
Plan for Smart Integration
Even if not installing smart controls now, use dimmers and fixtures compatible with smart systems. Lutron Caseta, Leviton Decora Smart, and similar systems retrofit easily. Hardwired beats smart bulbs for reliability.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Using Incompatible Dimmers
Standard incandescent dimmers cause LED fixtures to flicker, buzz, and have limited dimming range. Use LED-compatible dimmers rated for the actual load wattage. Check fixture compatibility lists before purchasing dimmers.
Hanging Pendants Too High or Low
Pendants over tables hung too high float disconnected from the dining experience. Hung too low, they block sightlines. Measure carefully: 30-36 inches above table surface. Cut cords only after confirming height in place.
Mixing Color Temperatures
Combining 2700K and 4000K fixtures in the same room or sightline looks terrible - one appears yellow, the other blue. Choose one temperature for connected spaces. Even 2700K vs 3000K is noticeably different side-by-side.
Insufficient Recessed Light Quantity
Placing recessed lights too far apart creates dark spots and uneven illumination. Follow spacing guidelines: roughly half the ceiling height from walls, 6-8 feet apart. Dark corners make rooms feel smaller and gloomier.
Undersizing Chandeliers
A too-small chandelier looks lost in a room. General rule: add room length and width in feet, convert to inches for diameter (12x14 room = 26-inch diameter minimum). Dining chandeliers should be 1/2 to 2/3 table width.
Frequently Asked Questions
How high should pendant lights hang over a kitchen island?
Pendant lights should hang 30-36 inches above the countertop surface, or about 72 inches from the floor. This height provides task lighting without blocking sightlines across the kitchen. For very large pendants, go slightly higher. For ceilings over 9 feet, add 3 inches per foot of additional ceiling height.
How many recessed lights do I need per room?
General rule is one 6-inch recessed light per 4-6 square feet of floor space for ambient lighting, or roughly one light for every 6-8 feet of ceiling. A 12x12 foot room typically needs 4-6 recessed lights. Spacing should be half the ceiling height from walls. For 8-foot ceilings, place lights 4 feet from walls and 6-8 feet apart.
Do I need dimmer switches for LED lights?
Yes, but you need LED-compatible dimmers. Standard dimmers cause LED flickering, buzzing, and limited range. Look for dimmers rated for LED/CFL loads with minimum load ratings of 10W or less. Lutron Caseta, Leviton Decora, and similar smart dimmers work well with most LED fixtures. Check fixture compatibility before purchasing dimmers.
What is the best color temperature for home lighting?
Most homes use 2700K-3000K (warm white) for living spaces, bedrooms, and dining areas for a cozy, inviting feel. Use 3500K-4000K (neutral white) for kitchens, bathrooms, and workspaces where accurate color rendering matters. Avoid 5000K+ (daylight) in living spaces as it feels harsh and clinical. Consistency throughout connected spaces is important.
How much should I budget for whole-home lighting?
Budget $3,000-8,000 for basic fixtures in a 2,500 sq ft home, $8,000-15,000 for mid-range, and $15,000-30,000+ for high-end designer fixtures. This includes recessed cans, pendants, sconces, chandeliers, under-cabinet lights, and exterior fixtures. Add 20-30% for installation labor. Smart lighting controls add $500-3,000 depending on scope.