Flooring Phase|Step 12 of 32

Refinish Existing Hardwood Floors

If your existing hardwood floors are structurally sound, refinishing them saves thousands compared to replacement and preserves the character of original wood. A proper sand, stain, and seal job makes old floors look brand new.

Time Required

3-5 days

Cost

$1,500-$4,000

Difficulty

Moderate (hire pro)

Refinishing Process

1

Sand with progressive grits

Start with 36-grit on the drum sander to remove the old finish. Progress to 60-grit to smooth scratches, then 100-grit for a fine surface. Use an edge sander along walls and a detail sander in corners. Vacuum thoroughly between passes.

2

Apply stain (optional)

Test your chosen stain color on an inconspicuous area or sample board first. Apply with a lambswool applicator or rag, working in the direction of the grain. Wipe excess within 5-10 minutes. Allow 24 hours drying before sealing.

3

Apply 3 coats of polyurethane

Water-based polyurethane dries clear and fast (2-3 hours between coats). Oil-based adds warmth but yellows over time and takes 8-12 hours between coats. Lightly sand with 220-grit between coats for adhesion. Apply with a T-bar applicator.

4

Allow full cure time

You can walk on water-based poly in socks after 24 hours. Wait 48-72 hours before moving furniture back. Full cure takes 30 days, during which you should avoid area rugs and heavy furniture sliding. Use felt pads under everything.

Popular Stain Colors

  • Natural (no stain): Shows the wood's true character. Popular with white oak and maple. Clean, Scandinavian feel.
  • Golden oak: Warm, traditional tone that works with most decor styles. Classic choice for living rooms.
  • Provincial or English chestnut: Medium-dark brown that adds richness without going too dark. Very versatile.
  • Jacobean or dark walnut: Rich, dark brown for dramatic contrast. Shows dust and pet hair more easily.
  • Ebony: Nearly black stain for ultra-modern spaces. Striking but shows every scratch and footprint.
  • Gray wash: Trendy, coastal-inspired look. Achieved by mixing white and gray stains over raw wood.

Pro Tips

  • Hire a pro for sanding: Drum sanders are aggressive and unforgiving. An inexperienced operator can gouge floors in seconds. Professional refinishers charge $3-$5/sf and deliver flawless results.
  • Schedule refinishing after all dusty work: Paint the walls and ceiling before refinishing floors. Drywall dust and construction debris will scratch a fresh finish.
  • Ventilation is essential: Open windows and run fans during staining and sealing. Even water-based products have fumes. Oil-based products require significant ventilation for safety.