Rough Work PhaseStep 12 of 27

Frame or Repair Bathroom Walls

With demolition complete, now is the time to repair damaged framing, add blocking for fixtures, and build any custom elements like shower niches.

Quick Summary

Time Needed
1-2 days
Cost
$200 - $800
Difficulty
Intermediate

Why Framing Matters

Solid framing is the foundation for everything that comes after: plumbing, electrical, waterproofing, and tile. This is your only chance to repair water damage, add blocking for grab bars and fixtures, and create custom features like shower niches. Once walls are closed up, these changes become extremely difficult and expensive.

Tools & Materials

Tools

  • • Circular saw or miter saw
  • • Drill/driver
  • • Level (4-foot preferred)
  • • Speed square
  • • Tape measure
  • • Reciprocating saw
  • • Hammer or framing nailer
  • • Pry bar

Materials

  • • 2x4 or 2x6 lumber
  • • 3" wood screws or 16d nails
  • • Construction adhesive
  • • Metal stud connectors (if applicable)
  • • Pressure-treated lumber (for near-floor repairs)
  • • Mold-killing primer (for minor issues)

Step-by-Step Guide

1

Inspect All Framing

With walls open, carefully inspect all studs, plates, and blocking:

  • Look for black mold, water stains, or discoloration
  • Use the screwdriver test—push into wood to check for soft rot
  • Check bottom plate for moisture damage from floor
  • Note any studs that aren't plumb or are twisted
  • Document issues with photos before repair for insurance
2

Repair Water Damage

For minor surface damage:

  • Sand affected area
  • Apply mold-killing primer
  • Ensure area is completely dry before closing walls

For structural damage:

  • Sister method: Add new stud alongside damaged one, securing at top and bottom plates
  • Full replacement: Cut out damaged section and splice in new lumber
  • Use pressure-treated wood for bottom plate repairs
3

Add Blocking for Fixtures

Install horizontal blocking where you'll mount heavy items:

  • Grab bars: 33-36" from floor (typical ADA height)
  • Shower valve: 48" from shower floor
  • Showerhead: 72-80" from shower floor
  • Towel bar: 48" from floor
  • Toilet paper holder: 26" from floor
  • Heavy mirrors: At mounting height

Pro tip: Use 2x6 or 2x8 blocking for grab bars—they must support 250 lbs. Install more blocking than you think you need; aging-in-place modifications are much easier when blocking is already there.

4

Frame Shower Niche (Optional)

Standard interior walls have 14.5" between studs—perfect for a recessed niche:

  • Mark desired height (eye level is typical)
  • Install horizontal 2x4 blocking at top and bottom
  • Standard sizes: 12" wide × 24-36" tall
  • Make niche depth match stud depth (3.5")
  • Avoid exterior walls—niche can cause insulation/vapor issues
  • Verify no plumbing or electrical in the wall cavity
5

Verify Walls Are Plumb

Before closing walls, verify studs are straight and plumb:

  • Use 4-foot level on each stud
  • Shim or plane studs as needed for flat tile surface
  • Check corners for square
  • Address any issues now—they'll be visible in tile later

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Closing walls without checking for moisture—mold will grow unseen
  • Forgetting blocking for grab bars—critical for safety and aging in place
  • Using regular lumber for bottom plate repairs—use pressure-treated
  • Putting shower niche in exterior wall—insulation problems
  • Not verifying plumb walls—leads to tile installation problems

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need to replace water-damaged studs?

If studs have rot or structural damage from water, they must be repaired. Minor surface discoloration can often be treated with mold-killing primer. Use the screwdriver test: if you can push a screwdriver into the wood easily, it needs replacement. Sister new lumber alongside damaged studs for structural support.

What is blocking and when do I need it?

Blocking is horizontal lumber installed between studs to provide solid mounting for heavy items. You need blocking for grab bars, wall-mounted toilets, heavy mirrors, shower fixtures, towel bars, and toilet paper holders. Install blocking before closing walls—it's much harder to add later.

How do I frame a shower niche?

A shower niche is framed between two studs (or requires cutting and adding a new stud). Add horizontal blocking at top and bottom of the desired opening. Standard niche sizes are 12" wide (fits between studs) by 24-36" tall. Ensure the niche doesn't interfere with plumbing or electrical.

Next Steps

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