Electrical Phase|Step 23 of 33

Add GFCI Outlets

GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) outlets detect electrical faults and cut power instantly. Essential safety upgrade for any kitchen.

Time Required

30 min per outlet

Cost

$15-$25 per outlet

Difficulty

Moderate

How GFCI Works

GFCI outlets monitor the electrical current flowing through a circuit. If the outlet detects that current is flowing through an unintended path (like through water or a person), it trips the circuit in milliseconds—before you can get shocked.

  • Test button: Trips the outlet to verify it's working
  • Reset button: Restores power after a trip
  • Monthly testing: Press test, then reset to ensure it works

Where GFCI Is Required

Kitchen

All outlets serving countertop surfaces. Within 6 feet of sink. This is code requirement.

Bathrooms

All bathroom outlets. Even if not near sink.

Other Wet Areas

Laundry rooms, garages, basements, outdoor outlets, hot tub areas.

GFCI Options

  • GFCI outlet: Replaces standard outlet. Protects that outlet and can protect downstream outlets.
  • GFCI breaker: Installed in electrical panel. Protects entire circuit. More expensive but protects all outlets on circuit.
  • Portable GFCI: Plug-in adapter. Good for temporary use or rental properties.

Installation Steps

  1. 1Turn off power at breaker. Test outlet with voltage tester to confirm.
  2. 2Remove cover plate and outlet. Note which wires connect where.
  3. 3Identify LINE and LOAD wires. LINE comes from breaker. LOAD goes to other outlets.
  4. 4Connect LINE wires to LINE terminals. Usually brass screws marked "LINE."
  5. 5Connect LOAD wires to LOAD terminals (if protecting downstream outlets).
  6. 6Connect ground wire. Green screw on GFCI.
  7. 7Install outlet, restore power, test. Press test, then reset.

Pro Tips

  • •LINE vs. LOAD matters: Wiring to wrong terminals won't protect you. Follow instructions carefully.
  • •One GFCI can protect many outlets: Wire multiple outlets downstream on LOAD terminals. All get protection.
  • •Don't use for fridges: GFCI can nuisance-trip and spoil food. Use regular outlet for refrigerators.
  • •Hire an electrician if unsure: Electrical work can be dangerous. No shame in calling a pro.
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